Bibliography for European Fascisms (HIST2029) (V12282) BETA

@inbook{Abse_1986, address={London}, title={The rise of Fascism in an Industrial City: The Case of Livorno 1918-1922}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=65e9d6e5-d44c-e611-80c6-005056af4099}, booktitle={Rethinking Italian fascism: capitalism, populism and culture}, publisher={Lawrence and Wishart}, author={Abse, Tobias}, year={1986}, pages={52–82} }

@article{Adrian Lyttelton_1966, title={Fascism in Italy: The Second Wave}, volume={1}, url={https://www.jstor.org/stable/259650}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Contemporary History}, publisher={Sage Publications, Ltd.}, author={Adrian Lyttelton}, year={1966}, pages={75–100} }

@article{Alan Cassels_1983, title={Was There a Fascist Foreign Policy? Tradition and Novelty}, volume={5}, url={http://www.jstor.org/stable/40105294?seq=1&uid=3738032&uid=2&uid=4&sid=21104096846551}, number={2}, journal={The International History Review}, publisher={Taylor & Francis, Ltd.}, author={Alan Cassels}, year={1983}, pages={255–268} }

@article{Alf Lüdtke_2000, title={People Working: Everyday Life and German Fascism}, url={http://www.jstor.org/stable/4289691}, number={50}, journal={History Workshop Journal}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Alf Lüdtke}, year={2000}, pages={74–92} }

@article{Ana Paula Ferreira_1996, title={Home Bound: The Construct of Femininity in the Estado Novo}, volume={12}, url={https://www.jstor.org/stable/41105752?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents}, publisher={Portuguese Studies}, author={Ana Paula Ferreira}, year={1996}, pages={133–144} }

@book{Baldoli_2003, address={Oxford}, title={Exporting fascism: Italian fascists and Britain’s Italians in the 1930s}, publisher={Berg}, author={Baldoli, Claudia}, year={2003} }

@article{Baldoli_2011, title={Spring 1943: the Fiat Strikes and the Collapse of the Italian Home Front}, volume={72}, url={https://www.jstor.org/stable/41306844?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents}, number={1}, journal={History Workshop Journal}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Baldoli, Claudia}, year={2011}, pages={181–189} }

@book{Bankier_2000, address={New York}, title={Probing the depths of German antisemitism: German society and the persecution of the Jews, 1933-1941}, publisher={Berghahn Books}, author={Bankier, David}, year={2000} }

@book{Baranowski_2004, address={Cambridge}, title={Strength through Joy: consumerism and mass tourism in the Third Reich}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Baranowski, Shelley}, year={2004} }

@book{Baranowski_2011, address={New York}, title={Nazi empire: German colonialism and imperialism from Bismarck to Hitler}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Baranowski, Shelley}, year={2011} }

@inbook{Barrera_2003, address={Berkeley}, title={The Construction of Racial Hierarchies in Colonial Eritrea: The Liberal and Early Fascist Period (1897-1934)}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=224792}, booktitle={A place in the sun: Africa in Italian colonial culture from post-unification to the present}, publisher={University of California Press}, author={Barrera, Giulia}, year={2003} }

@inbook{Barrera_2004, address={Basingstoke}, title={Sex, Citizenship and the State: the Construction of Public and Private Spheres in Colonial Eritrea}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=736232}, booktitle={Gender, family and sexuality: the private sphere in Italy 1860-1945}, publisher={Palgrave Macmillan}, author={Barrera, Giulia}, year={2004} }

@book{Bartov_2001, address={Houndmills, Basingstoke}, edition={2nd ed}, title={The Eastern Front, 1941-45: German troops and the barbarisation of warfare}, volume={St. Antony’s series}, publisher={Palgrave}, author={Bartov, Omer}, year={2001} }

@article{Bauerkämper_2010, title={Transnational Fascism: Cross-Border Relations between Regimes and Movements in Europe, 1922-1939}, volume={37}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=d2c2ff8f-d04c-e611-80c6-005056af4099}, DOI={10.1163/187633010X534469}, number={2–3}, journal={East Central Europe}, author={Bauerkämper, Arnd}, year={2010}, month={Mar}, pages={214–246} }

@book{Beetham_1983, address={Manchester}, title={Marxists in face of Fascism: writings by Marxists on Fascism from the inter-war period}, publisher={Manchester University Press}, author={Beetham, David}, year={1983} }

@book{Benewick_1972, address={London}, edition={Rev. ed}, title={The Fascist movement in Britain}, publisher={Allen Lane}, author={Benewick, Robert}, year={1972} }

@inbook{Ben-Ghiat_2001, address={Berkeley}, title={Conquest and Collaboration}, volume={Studies on the history of society and culture}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=224414}, booktitle={Fascist modernities: Italy, 1922-1945}, publisher={University of California Press}, author={Ben-Ghiat, Ruth}, year={2001} }

@book{Berghaus_1996, address={Providence, R.I.}, title={Futurism and politics: between anarchist rebellion and fascist reaction, 1909-1944}, publisher={Berghahn Books}, author={Berghaus, Günter}, year={1996} }

@article{Bernardini_1977, address={[London, England]}, title={‘The origins and development of racial anti-semitism in Fascist Italy’}, volume={49}, url={http://www.jstor.org/stable/1878781}, number={3}, journal={European history quarterly}, publisher={Sage Publications Ltd}, author={Bernardini, Gene}, year={1977} }

@book{Bessel_1987, address={Oxford}, title={Life in the Third Reich}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Bessel, Richard}, year={1987} }

@inbook{Bessel_1995, address={Cambridge}, title={The ‘front generation’ and the politics of Weimar Germany}, booktitle={Generations in conflict: youth revolt and generation formation in Germany, 1770-1968}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Bessel, Richard}, year={1995} }

@book{Blinkhorn_ebrary, Inc_1990a, address={London}, title={Fascists and conservatives: the radical right and the establishment in twentieth-century Europe}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=179005}, publisher={Unwin Hyman}, author={Blinkhorn, Martin and ebrary, Inc}, year={1990} }

@book{Blinkhorn_ebrary, Inc_1990b, address={London}, title={Fascists and conservatives: the radical right and the establishment in twentieth-century Europe}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=179005}, publisher={Unwin Hyman}, author={Blinkhorn, Martin and ebrary, Inc}, year={1990} }

@inbook{Boak_2003, address={Manchester}, title={Mobilizing women for Hitler: the female Nazi voter}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=20870050-d64c-e611-80c6-005056af4099}, booktitle={Working towards the Führer: essays in honour of Sir Ian Kershaw}, publisher={Manchester University Press}, author={Boak, Helen}, year={2003} }

@inbook{Bosworth_1998a, address={London}, title={Chapter 2, Italian Fascism : early understandings, 1919-1959}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=3c232cdc-d04c-e611-80c6-005056af4099}, booktitle={The Italian dictatorship: problems and perspectives in the interpretation of Mussolini and fascism}, publisher={Arnold}, author={Bosworth, R}, year={1998}, pages={37–57} }

@article{Bosworth_2004, title={War, Totalitarianism and ‘Deep Belief’ in Fascist Italy, 1935-43}, volume={34}, DOI={10.1177/0265691404046544}, number={4}, journal={European History Quarterly}, author={Bosworth, R.}, year={2004}, month={Oct}, pages={475–505} }

@book{Bosworth_1998b, address={London}, title={The Italian dictatorship: problems and perspectives in the interpretation of Mussolini and fascism}, publisher={Arnold}, author={Bosworth, R. J. B.}, year={1998} }

@book{Bosworth_2002a, address={London}, title={Mussolini}, publisher={Arnold}, author={Bosworth, R. J. B.}, year={2002} }

@book{Bosworth_2002b, address={London}, title={Mussolini}, publisher={Arnold}, author={Bosworth, R. J. B.}, year={2002} }

@book{Bosworth_2002c, address={London}, title={Mussolini}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=1630355}, publisher={Arnold}, author={Bosworth, R. J. B.}, year={2002} }

@book{Bosworth_ebrary, Inc_1996, address={London}, title={Italy and the wider world, 1860-1960}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=178603}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Bosworth, R. J. B. and ebrary, Inc}, year={1996} }

@inbook{Bosworth_1998c, address={London}, title={Italian Fascism: Early Understandings}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=3c232cdc-d04c-e611-80c6-005056af4099}, booktitle={The Italian dictatorship: problems and perspectives in the interpretation of Mussolini and fascism}, publisher={Arnold}, author={Bosworth, Richard}, year={1998}, pages={37–57} }

@book{Broszat_1987, address={Oxford}, title={Hitler and the collapse of Weimar Germany}, publisher={Berg}, author={Broszat, Martin}, year={1987} }

@book{Burgwyn_ebrary, Inc_1997, address={Westport, Conn}, title={Italian foreign policy in the interwar period, 1918-1940}, volume={Praeger studies of foreign policies of the great powers}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=3000317}, publisher={Praeger}, author={Burgwyn, H. James and ebrary, Inc}, year={1997} }

@book{Burleigh_2001a, address={London}, title={The Third Reich: a new history}, publisher={Pan}, author={Burleigh, Michael}, year={2001} }

@book{Burleigh_2001b, address={London}, title={The Third Reich: a new history}, publisher={Pan}, author={Burleigh, Michael}, year={2001} }

@book{Burleigh_Wippermann_1991, address={Cambridge}, title={The racial state: Germany, 1933-1945}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Burleigh, Michael and Wippermann, Wolfgang}, year={1991} }

@book{Caplan_2008a, address={New York}, title={Nazi Germany}, volume={Short Oxford history of Germany}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=430715}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Caplan, Jane}, year={2008} }

@book{Caplan_2008b, address={New York}, title={Nazi Germany}, volume={Short Oxford history of Germany}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=430715}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Caplan, Jane}, year={2008} }

@book{Caplan_Wachsmann_2010, address={London}, title={Concentration camps in Nazi Germany: the new histories}, url={http://nottingham.eblib.com/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=465346}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Caplan, Jane and Wachsmann, Nikolaus}, year={2010} }

@book{Carsten_1970, address={London}, title={The rise of fascism}, volume={University paperbacks}, publisher={Methuen}, author={Carsten, F. L.}, year={1970} }

@book{Childers_1983, address={Chapel Hill}, title={The Nazi voter: the social foundations of fascism in Germany, 1919-1933}, publisher={University of North Carolina Press}, author={Childers, Thomas}, year={1983} }

@book{Childers_2015, address={London}, title={The Formation of the Nazi Constituency 1919-1933}, publisher={Croom Helm}, author={Childers, Thomas}, year={2015} }

@book{Clark_2015, address={Ithaca}, title={Holy Legionary Youth: Fascist Activism in Interwar Romania}, publisher={Cornell University Press}, author={Clark, Roland}, year={2015} }

@book{Corner_1975, address={London}, title={Fascism in Ferrara, 1915-1925}, volume={Oxford historical monographs}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Corner, Paul}, year={1975} }

@inbook{Corner_2002a, address={Oxford}, title={State and society 1901-1922}, volume={Short Oxford history of Italy}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=4962744}, booktitle={Liberal and Fascist Italy, 1900-1945}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Corner, Paul}, editor={Lyttelton, Adrian}, year={2002}, pages={17–43} }

@article{Corner_2002b, title={Italian Fascism: Whatever Happened to Dictatorship?}, volume={74}, DOI={10.1086/343410}, number={2}, journal={The Journal of Modern History}, author={Corner, Paul}, year={2002}, month={Jun}, pages={325–351} }

@inbook{Corner_Procacci_1997, address={Cambridge}, title={’The Italian experience of ‘total’ mobilization, 1915-20}, volume={Studies in the social and cultural history of modern warfare}, url={http://nottingham.eblib.com/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=1582580}, booktitle={State, society and mobilization in Europe during the First World War}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Corner, Paul and Procacci, Giovanna}, year={1997}, pages={223–240} }

@article{Cova_Pinto_2002, title={Women under Salazar’s Dictatorship}, volume={1}, DOI={10.1386/pjss.1.2.129}, number={2}, journal={Portugese Journal of Social Sciences}, author={Cova, Anne and Pinto, Antonio Costa}, year={2002}, month={Jul}, pages={129–146} }

@book{Cronin_1996, address={Basingstoke}, title={The failure of British fascism: the far right and the fight for political recognition}, publisher={Macmillan}, author={Cronin, Mike}, year={1996} }

@inbook{Czarnowski_1996, address={Cambridge}, title={‘”The Value of Marriage for the Volksgemeinschaft”: Policies towards women and marriage under National Socialism’}, booktitle={Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany: comparisons and contrasts}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Czarnowski, Gabriele}, year={1996} }

@article{D. C. Watt_1960, title={The Rome-Berlin Axis, 1936-1940. Myth and Reality}, volume={22}, url={https://www-jstor-org.nottingham.idm.oclc.org/stable/1405794?sid=primo}, number={4}, journal={The Review of Politics}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={D. C. Watt}, year={1960}, pages={519–543} }

@book{Davies_2002, address={London}, title={The extreme right in France, 1789 to the present: from De Maistre to Le Pen}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Davies, Peter}, year={2002} }

@book{De Felice_Miller_2001, address={New York}, edition={1st English ed}, title={The Jews in Fascist Italy: a history}, publisher={Enigma Books}, author={De Felice, Renzo and Miller, Robert L.}, year={2001} }

@book{De Grazia_1981, address={Cambridge}, title={The culture of consent: mass organization of leisure in fascist Italy}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={De Grazia, Victoria}, year={1981} }

@book{De Grazia_1992, address={Berkeley}, title={How fascism ruled women: Italy, 1922-1945}, publisher={University of California Press}, author={De Grazia, Victoria}, year={1992} }

@book{De Meneses_2009, address={New York}, edition={1st}, title={Salazar: a political biography}, publisher={Enigma Books}, author={De Meneses, Filipe Ribeiro}, year={2009} }

@book{Deakin_1962, address={London}, title={The brutal friendship: Mussolini, Hitler and the fall of Italian Fascism}, publisher={Weidenfeld and Nicolson}, author={Deakin, F. W.}, year={1962} }

@book{Doumanis_2015, address={Oxford}, title={The Oxford handbook of European history, 1914-1945}, volume={Oxford handbooks in history}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Doumanis, Nicholas}, year={2015} }

@book{Dülffer_1996, address={London}, title={Nazi Germany 1933-1945: faith and annihilation}, publisher={Edward Arnold}, author={Dülffer, Jost}, year={1996} }

@book{Eatwell_1995, address={London}, title={Fascism: a history}, publisher={Chatto & Windus}, author={Eatwell, Roger}, year={1995} }

@inbook{Ebner_2004, address={Basingstoke}, title={The Persecution of Homosexual Men under Fascism}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=736232}, booktitle={Gender, family and sexuality: the private sphere in Italy 1860-1945}, publisher={Palgrave Macmillan}, author={Ebner, Michael}, year={2004}, pages={139–156} }

@book{Ebner_2011, address={New York}, title={Ordinary violence in Mussolini’s Italy}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Ebner, Michael R.}, year={2011} }

@inbook{Eley_2013a, address={Abingdon}, title={Driving for Rule, Extracting Consent: Bases of Political Order under Fascism}, url={http://www.myilibrary.com?id=495022}, booktitle={Nazism as fascism: violence, ideology, and the ground of consent in Germany, 1930-1945}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Eley, Geoff}, year={2013}, pages={13–58} }

@inbook{Eley_2013b, address={Abingdon}, title={Missionaries of the Volksgemeinschaft: Ordinary Women, Nazification and the Social}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=1207558}, booktitle={Nazism as fascism: violence, ideology, and the ground of consent in Germany, 1930-1945}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Eley, Geoff}, year={2013}, pages={91–130} }

@book{Eley_MyiLibrary_2013, address={Abingdon}, title={Nazism as fascism: violence, ideology, and the ground of consent in Germany, 1930-1945}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=1207558}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Eley, Geoff and MyiLibrary}, year={2013} }

@book{Ellwood_1987, address={London}, title={Spanish fascism in the Franco era: Falange Española de las Jons, 1936-76}, publisher={Macmillan}, author={Ellwood, Sheelagh M.}, year={1987} }

@book{Evans_2004, address={London}, title={The coming of the Third Reich}, publisher={Penguin}, author={Evans, Richard J.}, year={2004} }

@book{Evans_2006a, address={London}, title={The Third Reich in power, 1933-1939}, publisher={Penguin}, author={Evans, Richard J.}, year={2006} }

@inbook{Evans_2006b, address={London}, title={Chapter 7, The road to war}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=da24064b-d74c-e611-80c6-005056af4099}, booktitle={The Third Reich in power, 1933-1939}, publisher={Penguin}, author={Evans, Richard J.}, year={2006} }

@inbook{Falasca-Zamponi_2002, address={Oxford}, title={Peeking under the Black Shirt: Italian Fascism’s Disembodied Bodies}, booktitle={Fashioning the body politic: dress, gender, citizenship}, publisher={Berg}, author={Falasca-Zamponi, Simonetta}, year={2002} }

@book{Fischer_1996, address={Providence, R.I}, title={The rise of national socialism and the working classes in Weimar Germany}, publisher={Berghahn Books}, author={Fischer, Conan}, year={1996} }

@book{Forgacs_1986, address={London}, title={Rethinking Italian fascism: capitalism, populism and culture}, publisher={Lawrence and Wishart}, author={Forgacs, David}, year={1986} }

@inbook{Friedlander_2007, address={London}, edition={1st ed}, title={Chapter 4, The New Ghetto, from: Nazi Germany and the Jews}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=a4018c37-924d-e611-80c6-005056af4099}, booktitle={The years of extermination: Nazi Germany and the Jews, 1939-1945}, publisher={Weidenfeld & Nicolson}, author={Friedlander, Saul}, year={2007}, pages={113–144} }

@book{Fritzsche_1998, address={Cambridge, Mass}, title={Germans into Nazis}, publisher={Harvard University Press}, author={Fritzsche, Peter}, year={1998} }

@inbook{Fritzsche_2008a, address={New York}, title={The NSDAP 1919-1934: from fringe politics to the seizure of power}, volume={Short Oxford history of Germany}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=430715}, booktitle={Nazi Germany}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Fritzsche, Peter}, year={2008}, pages={49–72} }

@book{Fritzsche_2008b, address={Cambridge, Mass}, title={Life and death in the Third Reich}, publisher={Belknap Press of Harvard University Press}, author={Fritzsche, Peter}, year={2008} }

@inbook{Fritzsche_2008c, address={Cambridge, Mass}, title={Racial Grooming}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=9437f5a2-d54c-e611-80c6-005056af4099}, booktitle={Life and death in the Third Reich}, publisher={Belknap Press of Harvard University Press}, author={Fritzsche, Peter}, year={2008}, pages={76–142} }

@inbook{Geary_2008, address={Exeter}, title={Working-class identities in the Third Reich}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=f8c25ba1-d24c-e611-80c6-005056af4099}, booktitle={Nazism, war and genocide: new perspectives on the history of the Third Reich}, publisher={University of Exeter Press}, author={Geary, Dick}, year={2008} }

@inbook{Geiss_2001, address={Harlow}, title={German Foreign Policy in the Weimar Republic and the Third Reich, 1919-1945}, booktitle={Weimar and Nazi Germany: continuities and discontinuities}, publisher={Longman}, author={Geiss, Immanuel}, year={2001} }

@book{Gellately_2001a, address={Oxford}, title={Backing Hitler: consent and coercion in Nazi Germany}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Gellately, Robert}, year={2001} }

@book{Gellately_2001b, address={Oxford}, title={Backing Hitler: consent and coercion in Nazi Germany}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Gellately, Robert}, year={2001} }

@inbook{Gentile_1996, address={Cambridge, Mass}, title={The Holy Militia}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=5dbe3428-d14c-e611-80c6-005056af4099}, booktitle={The sacralization of politics in fascist Italy}, publisher={Harvard University Press}, author={Gentile, Emilio}, year={1996}, pages={19–31} }

@inbook{Gentile_2012, address={Oxford}, edition={1st ed}, title={Paramilitary violence in Italy}, volume={The greater war}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=32fd22ce-d14c-e611-80c6-005056af4099}, booktitle={War in peace: paramilitary violence in Europe after the Great War}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Gentile, Emilio}, year={2012}, pages={85–103} }

@book{Gillette_2002, address={London}, title={Racial theories in fascist Italy}, volume={Routledge studies in modern European history}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Gillette, Aaron}, year={2002} }

@book{Ginsborg_2016, address={New Haven}, title={Family politics: domestic life, devastation and survival, 1900-1950}, publisher={Yale University Press}, author={Ginsborg, Paul}, year={2016} }

@book{Gooch_2007, address={Cambridge}, title={Mussolini and his generals: the armed forces and fascist foreign policy, 1922-1940}, volume={Cambridge military histories}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Gooch, John}, year={2007} }

@article{Gottlieb_2004, title={Women and British Fascism Revisited: Gender, the Far-Right, and Resistance}, volume={16}, DOI={10.1353/jowh.2004.0065}, number={3}, journal={Journal of Women’s History}, author={Gottlieb, Julie V.}, year={2004}, pages={108–123} }

@book{Gottlieb_ebrary, Inc_2000a, address={London}, title={Feminine fascism: women in Britain’s fascist movement, 1923-1945}, volume={Social and cultural history today}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=676759}, publisher={I.B. Tauris}, author={Gottlieb, Julie V. and ebrary, Inc}, year={2000} }

@book{Gottlieb_ebrary, Inc_2000b, address={London}, title={Feminine fascism: women in Britain’s fascist movement, 1923-1945}, volume={Social and cultural history today}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=676759}, publisher={I.B. Tauris}, author={Gottlieb, Julie V. and ebrary, Inc}, year={2000} }

@book{Gottlieb_Linehan_ebrary, Inc_2004, address={London}, title={The culture of fascism: visions of the Far Right in Britain}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=676490}, publisher={I.B. Tauris}, author={Gottlieb, Julie V. and Linehan, Thomas P. and ebrary, Inc}, year={2004} }

@inbook{Graham_1995, address={New York}, title={Gender and the state: Women in the 1940s}, booktitle={Spanish cultural studies: an introduction : the struggle for modernity}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Graham, Helen}, year={1995}, pages={182–195} }

@book{Graham_ebrary, Inc_2012a, address={Brigton}, title={The war and its shadow: Spain’s Civil War in Europe’s long twentieth century}, volume={The Canada Blanch/Sussex Academic studies on contemporary Spain}, url={http://site.ebrary.com/lib/uon/Doc?id=10745666}, publisher={Sussex Academic Press}, author={Graham, Helen and ebrary, Inc}, year={2012} }

@book{Graham_ebrary, Inc_2012b, address={Brigton}, title={The war and its shadow: Spain’s Civil War in Europe’s long twentieth century}, volume={The Canada Blanch/Sussex Academic studies on contemporary Spain}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=1340866}, publisher={Sussex Academic Press}, author={Graham, Helen and ebrary, Inc}, year={2012} }

@book{Graham_Labanyi_1995, address={New York}, title={Spanish cultural studies: an introduction : the struggle for modernity}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Graham, Helen and Labanyi, Jo}, year={1995} }

@book{Graham_Makler_1979, address={Austin}, title={Contemporary Portugal: the revolution and its antecedents}, publisher={University of Texas Press}, author={Graham, Lawrence S. and Makler, Harry M.}, year={1979} }

@book{Griffin_1993, address={London}, title={The nature of fascism}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Griffin, Roger}, year={1993} }

@book{Griffin_1995, address={Oxford}, title={Fascism}, volume={Oxford readers}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Griffin, Roger}, year={1995} }

@book{Hamilton_1982, address={Princeton, N.J.}, title={Who voted for Hitler?}, publisher={Princeton University Press}, author={Hamilton, Richard F.}, year={1982} }

@article{Harvey_2004a, title={Visions of the Volk : German Women and the Far Right from Kaiserreich to Third Reich}, volume={16}, DOI={10.1353/jowh.2004.0067}, number={3}, journal={Journal of Women’s History}, author={Harvey, Elizabeth}, year={2004}, pages={152–167} }

@article{Harvey_2004b, title={Visions of the Volk : German Women and the Far Right from Kaiserreich to Third Reich}, volume={16}, DOI={10.1353/jowh.2004.0067}, number={3}, journal={Journal of Women’s History}, author={Harvey, Elizabeth}, year={2004}, pages={152–167} }

@article{Harvey_2012, title={International Networks and Cross-Border Cooperation: National Socialist Women and the Vision of a ‘New Order’ in Europe}, volume={13}, DOI={10.1080/21567689.2012.675710}, number={2}, journal={Politics, Religion & Ideology}, author={Harvey, Elizabeth}, year={2012}, month={Jun}, pages={141–158} }

@book{Heinsohn_2015, address={Bielefeld}, title={Germany 1916-23: a revolution in context}, volume={Histoire}, publisher={Transcript}, author={Heinsohn, Kirsten}, year={2015} }

@book{Herzog_2005, address={New York}, title={Sexuality and German fascism}, publisher={Berghahn Books}, author={Herzog, Dagmar}, year={2005} }

@book{Herzstein_1982, address={London}, title={When Nazi dreams come true: the Third Reich’s internal struggle over the future of Europe after a German victory : a look at the Nazi mentality, 1939-45}, publisher={Abacus}, author={Herzstein, Robert Edwin}, year={1982} }

@article{Inbal Ofer_2005, title={Historical Models, Contemporary Identities: The Sección Femenina of the Spanish Falange and its Redefinition of the Term ‘Femininity’}, volume={40}, url={https://www-jstor-org.nottingham.idm.oclc.org/stable/30036353}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Contemporary History}, publisher={Sage Publications, Ltd.}, author={Inbal Ofer}, year={2005}, pages={663–674} }

@book{Ipsen_1996a, address={Cambridge, [England]}, title={Dictating demography: the problem of population in fascist Italy}, volume={Cambridge studies in population, economy and society in past time}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Ipsen, Carl}, year={1996} }

@inbook{Ipsen_1996b, address={Cambridge, [England]}, title={The realization of totalitarian demography, extract ‘Colonization in Africa’}, volume={Cambridge studies in population, economy and society in past time}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=e458ae9a-d34c-e611-80c6-005056af4099}, booktitle={Dictating demography: the problem of population in fascist Italy}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Ipsen, Carl}, year={1996}, pages={119–144} }

@article{Irene Pimentel_2002, title={Women’s Organizations and Imperial Ideology under the Estado Novo}, volume={18}, url={https://www.jstor.org/stable/41105184?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents}, publisher={Portuguese Studies}, author={Irene Pimentel}, year={2002}, pages={121–131} }

@article{Ismael Saz Campos_2004, title={Fascism, fascistization and developmentalism in Franco’s dictatorship}, volume={29}, url={https://www.jstor.org/stable/4287107?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents}, number={3}, publisher={Social History}, author={Ismael Saz Campos}, year={2004}, pages={342–357} }

@inbook{Jenkins_2005, address={New York}, title={Introduction: Contextualizing the Immunity Thesis}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/reader.action?ppg=9&docID=4461999&tm=1487710099582}, booktitle={France in the era of fascism: essays on the French authoritarian right}, publisher={Berghahn Books}, author={Jenkins, Brian}, year={2005}, pages={1–21} }

@book{Johnson_1999a, address={London}, title={Nazi terror: the Gestapo, Jews and ordinary Germans}, publisher={John Murray}, author={Johnson, Eric A.}, year={1999} }

@book{Johnson_1999b, address={London}, title={Nazi terror: the Gestapo, Jews and ordinary Germans}, publisher={John Murray}, author={Johnson, Eric A.}, year={1999} }

@article{Julie Gottlieb_2006, title={The Marketing of Megalomania: Celebrity, Consumption and the Development of Political Technology in the British Union of Fascists}, volume={41}, url={https://www.jstor.org/stable/30036369}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Contemporary History}, publisher={Sage Publications, Ltd.}, author={Julie Gottlieb}, year={2006}, pages={35–55} }

@article{Kallis_2003, title={To Expand or not to Expand? Territory, Generic Fascism and the Quest for an ‘Ideal Fatherland’}, volume={38}, url={https://www-jstor-org.nottingham.idm.oclc.org/stable/3180657}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Contemporary History}, publisher={Sage Publications Ltd}, author={Kallis, Aristotle A.}, year={2003}, pages={237–260} }

@book{Kallis_ebrary, Inc_2000, address={London}, title={Fascist ideology: territory and expansionism in Italy and Germany, 1922-1945}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=165696}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Kallis, Aristotle A. and ebrary, Inc}, year={2000} }

@book{Kershaw_1987a, address={Oxford}, title={The ‘Hitler myth’: image and reality in the Third Reich}, publisher={Clarendon Press}, author={Kershaw, Ian}, year={1987} }

@book{Kershaw_1987b, address={Oxford}, title={The ‘Hitler myth’: image and reality in the Third Reich}, publisher={Clarendon Press}, author={Kershaw, Ian}, year={1987} }

@book{Kershaw_1990, address={London}, title={Weimar: why did German democracy fail?}, volume={Debates in modern history}, publisher={Weidenfeld and Nicolson}, author={Kershaw, Ian}, year={1990} }

@book{Kershaw_1993, address={London}, edition={3rd ed}, title={The Nazi dictatorship: problems and perspectives of interpretation}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=4948862}, publisher={E. Arnold}, author={Kershaw, Ian}, year={1993} }

@book{Kershaw_1998, address={London}, title={Hitler: 1889-1936: hubris}, publisher={Allen Lane}, author={Kershaw, Ian}, year={1998} }

@book{Kershaw_2001a, address={London}, title={Hitler}, volume={Penguin books}, publisher={Penguin Books}, author={Kershaw, Ian}, year={2001} }

@book{Kershaw_2001b, address={Oxford}, title={The ‘Hitler myth’: image and reality in the Third Reich}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Kershaw, Ian}, year={2001} }

@book{Kershaw_2012, address={London}, title={The end: Hitler’s Germany, 1944-45}, publisher={Penguin}, author={Kershaw, Ian}, year={2012} }

@book{Kershaw_2016, address={Great Britain}, title={To hell and back: Europe, 1914-1949}, volume={Penguin history of Europe}, publisher={Penguin Books}, author={Kershaw, Ian}, year={2016} }

@article{Kevin Passmore_1995, title={Boy Scouting for Grown-Ups? Paramilitarism in the Croix de Feu and the Parti Social Francais}, volume={19}, url={http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/286787}, number={2}, journal={French Historical Studies}, publisher={Duke University Press}, author={Kevin Passmore}, year={1995}, pages={527–557} }

@article{Kevin Passmore_1999a, title={‘Planting the Tricolor in the Citadels of Communism’: Women’s Social Action in the Croix de feu and Parti social français*}, volume={71}, url={http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/235360}, number={4}, journal={The Journal of Modern History}, publisher={The University of Chicago Press}, author={Kevin Passmore}, year={1999}, pages={814–851} }

@article{Kevin Passmore_1999b, title={‘Planting the Tricolor in the Citadels of Communism’: Women’s Social Action in the Croix de feu and Parti social français*}, volume={71}, url={https://www-jstor-org.nottingham.idm.oclc.org/stable/10.1086/235360}, number={4}, journal={The Journal of Modern History}, publisher={The University of Chicago Press}, author={Kevin Passmore}, year={1999}, pages={814–851} }

@book{Knox_1982, address={Cambridge}, title={Mussolini unleashed, 1939-1941: politics and strategy in fascist Italy’s last war}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Knox, MacGregor}, year={1982} }

@inbook{Knox_1996, address={Cambridge}, title={Expansionist Zeal, Fighting Power and Staying Power in the Italian and German Dictatorships}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=32fd2e41-d44c-e611-80c6-005056af4099}, booktitle={Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany: comparisons and contrasts}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Knox, MacGregor}, year={1996}, pages={113–133} }

@book{Knox_2000, address={Cambridge}, title={Common destiny: dictatorship, foreign policy, and war in Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Knox, MacGregor}, year={2000} }

@inbook{Knox_2002a, address={Oxford}, title={Fascism: ideology, foreign policy, and war}, volume={Short Oxford history of Italy}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=4962744}, booktitle={Liberal and fascist Italy, 1900-1945}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Knox, MacGregor}, year={2002} }

@inbook{Knox_2002b, address={Oxford}, title={Fascism: ideology, foreign policy, and war}, volume={Short Oxford history of Italy}, booktitle={Liberal and fascist Italy, 1900-1945}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Knox, MacGregor}, year={2002} }

@book{Koon_1985, address={Chapel Hill}, title={Believe, obey, fight: political socialization of youth in fascist Italy, 1922-1943}, publisher={University of North Carolina Press}, author={Koon, Tracy H.}, year={1985} }

@book{Koonz_2013, address={London}, title={Mothers in the fatherland: women, the family and Nazi politics}, volume={Routledge library editions. Women’s history}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=1181012}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Koonz, Claudia}, year={2013} }

@inbook{Koos_Sarnoff_2003, address={Manchester}, title={France}, booktitle={Women, gender and fascism in Europe, 1919-45}, publisher={Manchester University Press}, author={Koos, Cheryl and Sarnoff, Daniela}, year={2003} }

@inbook{Krausnick_1970, address={London}, title={‘The persecution of the Jews’}, booktitle={Anatomy of the SS State}, publisher={Paladin}, author={Krausnick, Helmut}, year={1970} }

@book{Kühne_ebrary, Inc_2010, address={New Haven}, title={Belonging and genocide: Hitler’s community, 1918-1945}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=3420987}, publisher={Yale University Press}, author={Kühne, Thomas and ebrary, Inc}, year={2010} }

@article{Lawrence, title={Fascist Violence and the Politics of Public Order in Inter-war Britain: The Olympia Debate Revisited’}, url={http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1468-2281.00174/pdf}, author={Lawrence, Jon} }

@article{Leal_2016, title={The Political and Ideological Origins of the Estado Novo in Portugal}, volume={32}, DOI={10.5699/portstudies.32.2.0128}, number={2}, journal={Portuguese Studies}, author={Leal, Ernesto Castro}, year={2016} }

@book{Ledeen_1977, address={Baltimore}, title={The first duce: D’Annunzio at Fiume}, publisher={Johns Hopkins University Press}, author={Ledeen, Michael Arthur}, year={1977} }

@book{Leitz_2004, address={London}, title={Nazi foreign policy, 1933-1941: the road to global war}, volume={The Third Reich}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=199953}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Leitz, Christian}, year={2004} }

@article{Leonidas E. Hill_1967, title={The Wilhelmstrasse in the Nazi Era}, volume={82}, url={https://www-jstor-org.nottingham.idm.oclc.org/stable/2148078?sid=primo&origin=crossref}, number={4}, journal={Political Science Quarterly}, publisher={The Academy of Political Science}, author={Leonidas E. Hill}, year={1967}, pages={546–570} }

@book{Lewis_1987, address={Manchester}, title={Illusions of grandeur: Mosley, fascism and British society, 1931-81}, publisher={Manchester University Press}, author={Lewis, D. S.}, year={1987} }

@book{Linehan_2000, address={Manchester}, title={British fascism, 1918-39: parties, ideology and culture}, volume={Manchester studies in modern history}, publisher={Manchester University Press}, author={Linehan, Thomas P.}, year={2000} }

@article{Luís Nuno Rodrigues_1997, title={The Creation of the Portuguese Legion in 1936}, volume={34}, url={https://www.jstor.org/stable/3514153?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents}, number={2}, publisher={Luso-Brazilian Review}, author={Luís Nuno Rodrigues}, year={1997}, pages={91–107} }

@article{Luisa Passerini_1979, title={Work Ideology and Consensus under Italian Fascism}, url={http://www.jstor.org/stable/4288259}, number={8}, journal={History Workshop}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Luisa Passerini}, year={1979}, pages={82–108} }

@inbook{Lyttelton_1973a, address={London}, title={The March on Rome}, booktitle={The seizure of power: fascism in Italy, 1919-1929}, publisher={Weidenfeld and Nicolson}, author={Lyttelton, Adrian}, year={1973}, pages={85–93} }

@book{Lyttelton_1973b, address={London}, title={The seizure of power: fascism in Italy, 1919-1929}, publisher={Weidenfeld and Nicolson}, author={Lyttelton, Adrian}, year={1973} }

@book{Lyttelton_MyiLibrary_2004a, address={Abingdon}, edition={Rev. ed., [3rd. ed.]}, title={The seizure of power: fascism in Italy, 1919-1929}, volume={Totalitarian movements and political religions}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=214549}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Lyttelton, Adrian and MyiLibrary}, year={2004} }

@book{Lyttelton_MyiLibrary_2004b, address={Abingdon}, edition={Rev. ed., [3rd. ed.]}, title={The seizure of power: fascism in Italy, 1919-1929}, volume={Totalitarian movements and political religions}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=214549}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Lyttelton, Adrian and MyiLibrary}, year={2004} }

@book{Mann_ebrary, Inc_2004, address={Cambridge}, title={Fascists}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=266589}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Mann, Michael and ebrary, Inc}, year={2004} }

@book{Martin_2016, address={Cambridge, Massachusetts}, title={The Nazi-fascist new order for European Culture}, publisher={Harvard University Press}, author={Martin, Benjamin George}, year={2016} }

@book{Maschmann_Strachan_Epstein_Burkenroad_2016, address={Lexington, Massachusetts}, title={Account rendered: a dossier on my former self}, publisher={Plunkett Lake Press}, author={Maschmann, Melita and Strachan, Geoffrey and Epstein, Helen and Burkenroad, Marianne Schweitzer}, year={2016} }

@inbook{Mason_1992, address={New York}, title={Whatever Happened to Fascism?}, volume={Europe past and present series}, booktitle={Reevaluating the Third Reich}, publisher={Holmes & Meier}, author={Mason, Tim}, year={1992}, pages={253–262} }

@inbook{Mason_1995, address={Cambridge}, title={‘Women in Germany, 1925-1940’}, booktitle={Nazism, fascism and the working class}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Mason, Tim}, year={1995} }

@book{Mason_Caplan_1993, address={Oxford}, title={Social policy in the Third Reich: the working class and the ‘national community’}, publisher={Berg}, author={Mason, Timothy W. and Caplan, Jane}, year={1993} }

@inbook{Mason_Caplan_1995, address={Cambridge}, title={‘The containment of the working class in Nazi Germany’}, booktitle={Nazism, fascism and the working class}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Mason, Timothy W. and Caplan, Jane}, year={1995} }

@book{Mazower_2009, address={London}, title={Hitler’s empire: Nazi rule in occupied Europe}, publisher={Penguin}, author={Mazower, Mark}, year={2009} }

@book{McElligott_2014, address={London}, title={Rethinking the Weimar republic: authority and authoritarianism, 1916-1936}, publisher={Bloomsbury Academic}, author={McElligott, Anthony}, year={2014} }

@book{Miriam Pereira_3AD, title={The First Portuguese Republic: Between Liberalism and Democracy (1910-1926)}, url={https://www.amazon.co.uk/First-Portuguese-Republic-Liberalism-Portuguese-Speaking/dp/1845199294/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1552395021&sr=8-1&keywords=The+First+Portuguese+Republic++Between+Liberalism+and+Democracy}, publisher={Sussex Academic Press}, author={Miriam Pereira}, year={3AD} }

@inbook{Morgan_1999, address={Cambridge, UK}, title={‘”The years of consent”? Popular attitudes and forms of resistance to Fascism in Italy, 1925-1940’}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=201492}, booktitle={Opposing fascism: community, authority, and resistance in Europe}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Morgan, Philip}, year={1999} }

@inbook{Morgan_2004, address={Basingstoke}, edition={2nd ed}, title={The Postwar Crisis and the Rise of Fascism}, volume={The making of the twentieth century}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=296471}, booktitle={Italian fascism, 1915-1945}, publisher={Palgrave Macmillan}, author={Morgan, Philip}, year={2004}, pages={3–59} }

@inbook{Morgan_2007, address={Oxford}, title={Fascist Italy at War, 1940-1943}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=415873}, booktitle={The fall of Mussolini: Italy, the Italians, and the Second World War}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Morgan, Philip}, year={2007} }

@book{Morgan_MyiLibrary_2004, address={Basingstoke}, edition={2nd ed}, title={Italian fascism, 1915-1945}, volume={The making of the twentieth century}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=296471}, publisher={Palgrave Macmillan}, author={Morgan, Philip and MyiLibrary}, year={2004} }

@book{Noakes_Pridham_1983a, address={Exeter}, title={Nazism 1919-1945: a documentary reader}, volume={Exeter studies in history}, publisher={University of Exeter}, author={Noakes, Jeremy and Pridham, Geoffrey}, year={1983} }

@book{Noakes_Pridham_1983b, address={Exeter}, title={Nazism 1919-1945: a documentary reader}, volume={Exeter studies in history}, publisher={University of Exeter}, author={Noakes, Jeremy and Pridham, Geoffrey}, year={1983} }

@book{Noakes_Pridham_1983c, address={Exeter}, title={Nazism 1919-1945: a documentary reader}, volume={Exeter studies in history}, publisher={University of Exeter}, author={Noakes, Jeremy and Pridham, Geoffrey}, year={1983} }

@book{Ofer_2009, address={Brighton}, title={Señoritas in blue: the making of a female political elite in Franco’s Spain}, volume={Sussex studies in Spanish history}, publisher={Sussex Academic Press}, author={Ofer, Inbal}, year={2009} }

@book{Orlow_1969, address={Pittsburgh}, title={The history of the Nazi Party}, publisher={University of Pittsburgh Press}, author={Orlow, Dietrich}, year={1969} }

@book{Passmore_1997, address={Cambridge}, title={From liberalism to fascism: the right in a French province, 1928-1939}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Passmore, Kevin}, year={1997} }

@book{Passmore_2002a, address={Oxford}, title={Fascism: a very short introduction}, volume={Very short introductions}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Passmore, Kevin}, year={2002} }

@book{Passmore_2002b, address={Oxford}, title={Fascism: a very short introduction}, volume={Very short introductions}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Passmore, Kevin}, year={2002} }

@book{Passmore_2003, address={Manchester}, title={Women, gender and fascism in Europe, 1919-45}, publisher={Manchester University Press}, author={Passmore, Kevin}, year={2003} }

@inbook{Paul_Giovanna_1997, address={Cambridge}, title={The Italian Experience of ‘Total’ Mobilization 1915-1920}, volume={Studies in the social and cultural history of modern warfare}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=1582580}, booktitle={State, society and mobilization in Europe during the First World War}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Paul, Corner and Giovanna, Procacci}, year={1997}, pages={223–240} }

@article{Paxton_1998, title={The Five Stages of Fascism}, volume={70}, DOI={10.1086/235001}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Modern History}, author={Paxton, Robert O.}, year={1998}, pages={1–23} }

@book{Paxton_ebrary, Inc_1997, address={New York}, title={French peasant fascism: Henry Dorgère’s Greenshirts and the crises of French agriculture, 1929-1939}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=271504}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Paxton, Robert O. and ebrary, Inc}, year={1997} }

@inbook{Payne_2005, address={London}, title={Introduction: Fascism - A Working Definition}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=3445236}, booktitle={A history of fascism, 1914-1945}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Payne, Stanley}, year={2005}, pages={3–19} }

@book{Payne_ebrary, Inc_1980a, address={Madison, Wis}, title={Fascism: comparison and definition}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=3445188}, publisher={University of Wisconsin Press}, author={Payne, Stanley G. and ebrary, Inc}, year={1980} }

@book{Payne_ebrary, Inc_1980b, address={Madison, Wis}, title={Fascism: comparison and definition}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=3445188}, publisher={University of Wisconsin Press}, author={Payne, Stanley G. and ebrary, Inc}, year={1980} }

@book{Payne_ebrary, Inc_1987, address={Madison, Wis}, title={The Franco regime, 1936-1975}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=3445222}, publisher={University of Wisconsin Press}, author={Payne, Stanley G. and ebrary, Inc}, year={1987} }

@book{Payne_ebrary, Inc_1999, address={Madison}, title={Fascism in Spain, 1923-1977}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=3445187}, publisher={University of Wisconsin Press}, author={Payne, Stanley G. and ebrary, Inc}, year={1999} }

@inbook{Petersen_1982, address={London}, title={‘Violence in Italian Fascism, 1919-1925’}, url={http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/reader.action?docID=6867389&ppg=286}, booktitle={Social protest, violence and terror in nineteenth- and twentieth-century Europe}, publisher={Macmillan Press}, author={Petersen, Jens}, year={1982} }

@book{Peukert_1987, address={London}, title={Inside Nazi Germany: conformity, opposition and racism in everyday life}, publisher={Batsford}, author={Peukert, Detlev}, year={1987} }

@book{Pinto_1995, address={Boulder}, title={Salazar’s dictatorship and European fascism: problems of interpretation}, publisher={Social Science Monographs}, author={Pinto, António Costa}, year={1995} }

@book{Pinto_2000, address={Boulder, Colo}, title={The blue shirts: Portuguese fascists and the new state}, publisher={Social Science Monographs}, author={Pinto, António Costa}, year={2000} }

@article{Pinto_2006, title={‘Chaos’ and ‘Order’: Preto, Salazar and Charismatic Appeal in Inter‐war Portugal}, volume={7}, DOI={10.1080/14690760600642222}, number={2}, journal={Totalitarian Movements and Political Religions}, author={Pinto, António Costa}, year={2006}, month={Jun}, pages={203–214} }

@book{Pinto_2011, address={Boulder}, edition={2nd ed}, title={Contemporary Portugal: politics, society and culture}, volume={Social science monographs}, publisher={Social Science Monographs}, author={Pinto, António Costa}, year={2011} }

@book{Pinto_Kallis_2014, address={Basingstoke, Hampshire}, title={Rethinking fascism and dictatorship in Europe}, publisher={Palgrave Macmillan}, author={Pinto, António Costa and Kallis, Aristotle A.}, year={2014} }

@book{Ponzio_2015, address={Madison, Wisconsin}, title={Shaping the new man: youth training regimes in Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany}, volume={George L. Mosse series in modern European cultural and intellectual history}, publisher={The University of Wisconsin Press}, author={Ponzio, Alessio}, year={2015} }

@book{Preston_1993, address={London}, title={Franco: a biography}, publisher={HarperCollins}, author={Preston, Paul}, year={1993} }

@book{Preston_1995, address={London}, title={The politics of revenge: fascism and the military in twentieth-century Spain}, url={http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=179554}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Preston, Paul}, year={1995} }

@book{Preston_2003, address={London}, title={Doves of war: four women of Spain}, url={http://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=Nottingham&isbn=9780007374243}, publisher={HarperCollins}, author={Preston, Paul}, year={2003} }

@book{Preston_2006, address={London}, title={¡Comrades!: portraits from the Spanish Civil War}, publisher={Harper Perennial}, author={Preston, Paul}, year={2006} }

@book{Primo de Rivera_Thomas_Lawaetz_1972, address={London}, title={Selected writings}, volume={Roots of the right}, publisher={J. Cape}, author={Primo de Rivera, José Antonio and Thomas, Hugh and Lawaetz, Gudie}, year={1972} }

@book{Pugh_2006, address={London}, title={‘Hurrah for the blackshirts!’: fascists and fascism in Britain between the wars}, publisher={Pimlico}, author={Pugh, Martin}, year={2006} }

@book{Richmond_ebrary, Inc_2003, address={London}, title={Women and Spanish fascism: the women’s section of the Falange, 1934-1959}, volume={Routledge/Cañada Blanch studies on contemporary Spain}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=171372}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Richmond, Kathleen and ebrary, Inc}, year={2003} }

@article{Rodogno_2005, title={Italiani brava gente? Fascist Italy’s Policy Toward the Jews in the Balkans, April 1941-July 1943}, volume={35}, url={http://journals.sagepub.com/toc/ehqb/35/2}, number={2}, journal={European History Quarterly}, publisher={Sage Publications Ltd}, author={Rodogno, Davide}, year={2005}, pages={213–240} }

@inbook{Rodogno_2006, address={Cambridge}, title={Chapter 11, Policy towards refugees and Jews}, volume={New studies in European history}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=29436538-d54c-e611-80c6-005056af4099}, booktitle={Fascism’s European empire: Italian occupation during the Second World War}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Rodogno, Davide}, year={2006} }

@article{Roger Griffin_2002, title={The Primacy of Culture: The Current Growth (Or Manufacture) of Consensus within Fascist Studies}, volume={37}, url={https://www-jstor-org.nottingham.idm.oclc.org/stable/3180744}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Contemporary History}, publisher={Sage Publications, Ltd.}, author={Roger Griffin}, year={2002}, pages={21–43} }

@article{Sally Marks_1979, title={Mussolini and Locarno: Fascist Foreign Policy in Microcosm}, volume={14}, url={https://www.jstor.org/stable/260015}, number={3}, journal={Journal of Contemporary History}, publisher={Sage Publications, Ltd.}, author={Sally Marks}, year={1979}, pages={423–439} }

@book{Salter_Stevenson_1990, address={London}, title={The Working class and politics in Europe and America, 1929-1945}, publisher={Longman}, author={Salter, Stephen and Stevenson, John}, year={1990} }

@book{Salvemini_1936, address={London}, title={Under the axe of fascism}, publisher={V. Gollancz}, author={Salvemini, Gaetano}, year={1936} }

@book{Sarfatti_2006, address={Madison, Wis}, title={The Jews in Mussolini’s Italy: from equality to persecution}, volume={George L. Mosse series in modern European cultural and intellectual history}, publisher={University of Wisconsin Press}, author={Sarfatti, Michele}, year={2006} }

@book{Shore_2003, address={Oxford}, title={What Hitler knew: the battle for information in Nazi foreign policy}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Shore, Zachary}, year={2003} }

@book{Skidelsky_1975, address={London}, title={Oswald Mosley}, publisher={Macmillan}, author={Skidelsky, Robert}, year={1975} }

@book{Snowden_1989, address={Cambridge}, title={The fascist revolution in Tuscany, 1919-1922}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Snowden, Frank M.}, year={1989} }

@book{Soucy_1986, address={New Haven}, title={French fascism: the first wave, 1924-1933}, publisher={Yale University Press}, author={Soucy, Robert}, year={1986} }

@book{Soucy_1995, address={New Haven}, title={French fascism: the second wave, 1933-1939}, publisher={Yale University Press}, author={Soucy, Robert}, year={1995} }

@book{Steinberg_2002, address={London}, edition={2nd ed.}, title={All or nothing: the Axis and the Holocaust, 1941-1943}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=180853}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Steinberg, Jonathan}, year={2002} }

@article{Stephen Corrado Azzi_1993, title={The Historiography of Fascist Foreign Policy}, volume={36}, url={https://www-cambridge-org.nottingham.idm.oclc.org/core/journals/historical-journal/article/historiography-of-fascist-foreign-policy/529DDE4E77890A2E5881BFF5CC3A2C7E}, number={1}, journal={The Historical Journal}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Stephen Corrado Azzi}, year={1993}, pages={187–203} }

@inbook{Stephenson_1983, address={London}, title={'National Socialism and Women before 1933’}, booktitle={The Nazi Machtergreifung}, publisher={Allen & Unwin}, author={Stephenson, Jill}, year={1983} }

@inbook{Stephenson_2001a, address={London}, title={The Rise of the Nazis: Sonderweg or spanner in the works?}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=44e96317-d24c-e611-80c6-005056af4099}, booktitle={Twentieth-century Germany: politics, culture and society, 1918-1990}, publisher={Arnold}, author={Stephenson, Jill}, year={2001} }

@book{Stephenson_2001b, address={Harlow}, title={Women in Nazi Germany}, publisher={Longman}, author={Stephenson, Jill}, year={2001} }

@book{Stephenson_2006, address={London}, title={Hitler’s home front: Württemberg under the Nazis}, publisher={Hambledon Continuum}, author={Stephenson, Jill}, year={2006} }

@book{Sternhell_1986, address={Berkeley, Calif}, title={Neither right nor left: fascist ideology in France}, publisher={University of California Press}, author={Sternhell, Zeev}, year={1986} }

@book{Stibbe_2003, address={London}, title={Women in the Third Reich}, publisher={Arnold}, author={Stibbe, Matthew}, year={2003} }

@article{Stibbe_2012, title={In and Beyond the Racial State: Gender and National Socialism, 1933–1955}, volume={13}, DOI={10.1080/21567689.2012.675712}, number={2}, journal={Politics, Religion & Ideology}, author={Stibbe, Matthew}, year={2012}, month={Jun}, pages={159–178} }

@book{Stille_1991, address={New York}, title={Benevolence and betrayal: five Italian Jewish families under fascism}, publisher={Picador}, author={Stille, Alexander}, year={1991} }

@inbook{Storer_2013, address={London}, title={Crisis and Collapse, 1929-1933}, volume={I.B. Tauris short histories}, url={http://lib.myilibrary.com?id=495248}, booktitle={A short history of the Weimar Republic}, publisher={I.B. Tauris}, author={Storer, Colin}, year={2013} }

@inbook{Thurlow_1998, address={London}, title={The BUF and British Society}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=677100}, booktitle={Fascism in Britain: a history, 1918-1998}, publisher={I.B.Tauris}, author={Thurlow, Richard}, year={1998}, pages={61–87} }

@article{Tom Gallagher_1979, title={Controlled Repression in Salazar’s Portugal}, volume={14}, url={https://www.jstor.org/stable/260013?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents}, number={3}, publisher={Journal of Contemporary History}, author={Tom Gallagher}, year={1979}, pages={385–402} }

@book{Turner_1996, address={Reading, Mass}, title={Hitler’s thirty days to power: January 1933}, publisher={Addison-Wesley}, author={Turner, Henry Ashby}, year={1996} }

@inbook{Vincent_2002, address={Oxford}, title={Camisas Nuevas: Style and Uniformity in the Falange Española 1933-1945}, booktitle={Fashioning the body politic: dress, gender, citizenship}, publisher={Berg}, author={Vincent, Mary}, year={2002} }

@book{Weber_1962, address={Stanford, Calif}, title={Action française: royalism and reaction in twentieth-century France}, publisher={Stanford University Press}, author={Weber, Eugen}, year={1962} }

@book{Welch_1993, address={London}, title={The Third Reich: politics and propaganda}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Welch, David}, year={1993} }

@book{Whealey_1989, address={Lexington, Ky}, title={Hitler and Spain: the Nazi role in the Spanish Civil War, 1936-1939}, publisher={University Press of Kentucky}, author={Whealey, Robert H.}, year={1989} }

@article{Wheeler_1983, title={In the Service of Order: The Portuguese Political Police and the British, German and Spanish Intelligence, 1932-1945}, volume={18}, DOI={10.1177/002200948301800101}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Contemporary History}, author={Wheeler, Douglas L.}, year={1983}, month={Jan}, pages={1–25} }

@book{Wildt_2011, address={New York}, edition={1st ed}, title={Hitler’s Volksgemeinschaft and the dynamics of racial exclusion: violence against Jews in provincial Germany, 1919-1939}, publisher={Berghahn Books}, author={Wildt, Michael}, year={2011} }

@inbook{Willson_2003, address={Manchester}, title={Italy}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=34fd6227-d34c-e611-80c6-005056af4099}, booktitle={Women, gender and fascism in Europe, 1919-45}, publisher={Manchester University Press}, author={Willson, Perry}, year={2003}, pages={11–32} }

@book{Willson_2002, address={London}, title={Peasant women and politics in Fascist Italy: the Massaie rurali section of the PNF}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Willson, Perry R.}, year={2002} }

@book{Winock_1998, address={Stanford, Calif}, title={Nationalism, anti-semitism, and fascism in France}, publisher={Stanford University Press}, author={Winock, Michel}, year={1998} }

@book{Wiskemann_1949, address={London}, title={The Rome-Berlin axis: a history of the relations between Hitler and Mussolini}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Wiskemann, Elizabeth}, year={1949} }

@book{Woodhouse_1998, address={Oxford}, title={Gabriele d’Annunzio: defiant archangel}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Woodhouse, John Robert}, year={1998} }

@book{Stoltzfus_Maier-Katkin_2016, address={New York ; Oxford}, title={Protest in Hitler’s ‘national community’: popular unrest and the Nazi response}, volume={Protest, culture and society}, publisher={Berghahn}, year={2016} }