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Hodges, Richard. 1982. Dark Age Economics: The Origins of Towns and Trade A.D. 600-1000. Duckworth.

Hodges, Richard. 2000. Towns and Trade in the Age of Charlemagne. Duckworth debates in archaeology. Duckworth.

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Keene, D. 1990. ‘Shops and Shopping in Medieval London’. In Medieval Art, Architecture and Archaeology in London, Conference transactions for the year. British Archaeological Association.

Keene, D. 1995. ‘Small Towns and the Metropolis : The Experience of Medieval England’. In Peasants & Townsmen in Medieval Europe: Studia in Honorem Adriaan Verhulst. Snoeck-Ducaju & Zoon.

Keene, D. 1996. ‘Landlords, the Property Market and Urban Development in England’. In Power, Profit and Urban Land: Landownership in Medieval and Early Modern Northern European Towns, Historical urban studies. Scolar Press.

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Lilley, Keith D. 2002c. Urban Life in the Middle Ages, 1000-1450. European culture and Society. Palgrave.

Lilley, Keith D. and ebrary, Inc. 2009. City and Cosmos: The Medieval World in Urban Form. Reaktion. Electronic resource. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=618762.

MacGregor, Arthur, P. V. Addyman, A. J. Mainman, Nicola S. H. Rogers, York Archaeological Trust, and Council for British Archaeology. 1999. Craft, Industry and Everyday Life: Bone, Antler, Ivory and Horn from Anglo-Scandinavian and Medieval York. The archaeology of York. Published for the York Archaeological Trust by the Council for British Archaeology.

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